For NHST vs , theoretically, is s.t. , rather than zero. Nevertheless, pratically a large t, rejecting both and , should not be counted as any evidence to retain or reject .
To verify the shape of --
x<- 0.1*(-1000:1000);
plot(x,y=dt(x-1,df=5,ncp=0)/dt(x,df=5,ncp=0),type="l");
###compare to the noncetrality case--
plot(x,y=dt(x,df=5,ncp=1)/dt(x,df=5,ncp=0),type="l",col='green');
It notes here that N-P approach does not utilize the information in the accurate p value. Actually, at the time N-P approach was firstly devised, the accurate p value was not available usually. Now almost all statistic softwares provide accurate p values and the N-P approach becomes obsolete. Wilkinson & APA TFSI (1999) [...]
Also tagged R一个研究者每次都先看一下计算出的统计量再决定对零假设做单尾检验还是双尾检验。如果统计量，就设对立假设为；如果统计量，就设对立假设为。假如他的请问他真实的一类错误率是多少？具体说，有许多次的实验，真实情形都是，他能检验出显著拒绝的比例会趋近于多少？
Also taggedFor any given vs , the p value of any given point x is , Where
-- See R. Weber's Statistics Note (Chap 6.2 & 7.1)
I made some wrong comment on the pdf Null Ritual (Gigerenzer, Krauss, & Vitouch, 2004) Where three types of significance level (rather than p value) were discussed. I had [...]